Intsimbi engatyiwa: SS304, SS304L, SS316, SS316L, SS303, SS630
Intsimbi yeCarbon: 35CrMo, 42CrMo, ST-52, Ck45, intsimbi ye-alloy;ST-37, S235JR, C20, C45, 1213, 12L14 carbon steel;
Intsimbi yokuphosa: GS52
Intsimbi yokuphosa: GG20, GG40, GGG40, GGG60
Ingxubevange yobhedu: C36000, C27400, C37000, CuZn36Pb3, CuZn39Pb1, CuZn39Pb2
I-aluminium ingxubevange: AlCu4Mg1, AlMg0.7Si, AlMg1SiCu, EN AW-2024, EN AW-6061, EN AW-6063A.
Iplastiki: I-DERLIN, iNayiloni, iTeflon, iPOM, iPMMA, iPEEK, iPTFE
Oomatshini bezolimo banxulumene nolwakhiwo lomatshini kunye nezixhobo ezisetyenziswa kulimo okanye kolunye ulimo.Zininzi iindidi zezixhobo ezinjalo, ukusuka kwizixhobo zesandla kunye nezixhobo zombane ukuya kwiitrektara kunye neendidi ezininzi zezixhobo zasefama abazitsalayo okanye abazisebenzayo.Iintlobo ngeentlobo zezixhobo zisetyenziswa kulimo oluphilayo kunye nolungekho philayo.Ingakumbi ukususela ekufikeni kokusetyenziswa koomatshini, oomatshini bezolimo yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yendlela ihlabathi elondliwa ngayo.
Ngokuza kweNguqulo yezoShishino kunye nokuphuhliswa koomatshini abantsokothileyo, iindlela zokulima zathatha umtsi omkhulu phambili.[1] Kunokuba bavune iinkozo ngesandla ngencakuba ebukhali, oomatshini abanamavili basika umjiko oqhubekayo.Kunokuba zibhule iinkozo ngokuzibhula ngeentonga, oomatshini bokubhula babesahlula imbewu kwiintloko nakwiziqu.Iitrektara zokuqala zavela ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19.
Amandla oomatshini bokulima ayebonelelwa ngenkomo okanye ezinye izilwanyana zasekhaya.Ngokuyilwa kwamandla omphunga yeza injini ephathwayo, kwaye kamva injini yokutsala, injongo ezininzi, umthombo wamandla oshukumayo owawungumzala orhubuluza emhlabeni ukuya kwilocomotive yomphunga.Iinjini zomphunga zezoLimo zathatha umsebenzi onzima wokutsalwa kweenkabi, kwaye zaxhotyiswa ngepuli ekwazi ukuhambisa oomatshini abamileyo ngokusebenzisa ibhanti elide.Oomatshini abaqhutywa ngumphunga babenamandla aphantsi ngokwemigangatho yanamhlanje kodwa, ngenxa yobukhulu babo kunye nomlinganiselo wabo ophantsi wegiya, banokunika umtsalane omkhulu wokutsala.Isantya esicothayo sabo sakhokelela abalimi ukuba bavakalise ukuba iitrektara zinezantya ezimbini: "ezicothayo, kwaye zicotha kakhulu."
Injini yokutsha yangaphakathi;okokuqala injini yepetroli, kwaye kamva iinjini zedizili;yaba ngowona mthombo wamandla kwisizukulwana esilandelayo seetrektara.Ezi njini zibe negalelo kuphuhliso lwesixhobo sokuvuna esizihambelayo, esidityanisiweyo nesibhulayo, okanye isivuni esidibanisayo (naso sishunqulelwe 'sidibanisa').Kunokuba zigawule izikhondo zengqolowa zize zihanjiswe kumatshini wokubhula omileyo, ezi zidibanisa zisikiwe, zibhulwe zize zahlule iinkozo ngoxa zihamba ngokuqhubekayo entsimini.
Ukudibanisa kwakunokuwususa umsebenzi wokuvuna kwiitrektara, kodwa iitrektara zisawenza umsebenzi omninzi kwifama yale mihla.Zisetyenziselwa ukutyhala/ukutsala izixhobo—oomatshini bokulima umhlaba, ukutyala imbewu, nokwenza eminye imisebenzi.
Izixhobo zokulima zilungisa umhlaba ukuze kutyalwe ngokukhulula umhlaba kunye nokubulala ukhula okanye izityalo ezikhuphisanayo.Elona laziwa kakhulu likhuba, isixhobo sakudala esaphuculwa ngo-1838 nguJohn Deere.Amakhuba ngoku asetyenziswa rhoqo e-US kunangaphambili, kunye ne-offset disks esetyenziselwa ukuguqula umhlaba, kunye neetshizili ezisetyenziselwa ukufumana ubunzulu obufunekayo ukugcina ukufuma.
Olona hlobo luxhaphakileyo lwembewu lubizwa ngokuba sisityalo, kwaye imbewu ibeka izithuba ngokulinganayo kwimiqolo emide, eqhele ukuqelelana ngeemitha ezimbini ukuya kwezintathu.Ezinye izityalo zityalwa ngokusebenza, nto leyo ebeka imbewu eninzi kwimiqolo engaphantsi kwemitha enye, igquma intsimi ngezityalo.Abatshintshi bezityalo bawenza ngokuzenzekelayo umsebenzi wokutyala izithole entsimini.Ngokusetyenziswa ngokubanzi kwe-mulch yeplastiki, iileya zeplastiki ze-mulch, ii-transplanters, kunye ne-seeders zibeka phantsi imiqolo emide yeplastiki, kwaye zityale ngazo ngokuzenzekelayo.
Emva kokutyala, abanye oomatshini bezolimo abafana nezitshizi eziziqhubayo bangasetyenziselwa ukufaka isichumiso kunye nezibulali zinambuzane.Ukufakwa kwesitshizi sezolimo yindlela yokukhusela izityalo kukhula ngokusebenzisa imichiza yokutshabalalisa ukhula, imichiza yokungunda, kunye nezibulali zinambuzane.Ukutshiza okanye ukutyala isityalo sokugquma ziindlela zokuxuba ukukhula kokhula.
Ukutyala isityalo Iibhali zehay zingasetyenziselwa ukupakisha ingca eqinileyo okanye ialfalfa kwindawo enokugcineka kwiinyanga zasebusika.Ukunkcenkceshela kwangoku kuxhomekeke koomatshini.Iinjini, iimpompo kunye nezinye izixhobo ezikhethekileyo zibonelela ngamanzi ngokukhawuleza nangemithamo ephezulu kwiindawo ezinkulu zomhlaba.Iindidi ezifanayo zezixhobo ezifana nezitshizi zezolimo zingasetyenziselwa ukuhambisa izichumisi kunye nezitshabalalisi.
Ngaphandle kwetrektara, ezinye iimoto ziye zalungiselelwa ukusetyenziswa ekulima, kubandakanywa iilori, iinqwelomoya, iinqwelo-moya, kunye neenqwelo-ntaka, ezifana nezokuthutha izityalo kunye nokwenza izixhobo ezihambayo, ukutshiza emoyeni kunye nokulawula umhlambi wemfuyo.
Iindawo zeBush ezinonyango olumnyama
Ukuphoswa kwentsimbi yeCarbon
Intsimbi yekhabhoni iphose amacandelo kumatshini welaphu